Journal
AQUACULTURE
Volume 437, Issue -, Pages 390-397Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.016
Keywords
Trachinotus ovatus; Dietary carbohydrate; Growth performance; Body composition; Enzyme activities; GH expression
Categories
Funding
- Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries
- Germplasm Resources Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture [KF201311]
- Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences [2014YD01, 2014A08XK04]
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A growth trial was conducted to determine the optimum dietary carbohydrate level of juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets (43% crude protein and 16.8 MJ kg(-1) diet) using corn starch as the carbohydrate source were formulated to contain six carbohydrate levels. Each diet was tested in triplicate for 8 weeks. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index, and viserosomatic index increased significantly as dietary starch levels increased from 0% to 16.8% (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio decreased significantly as dietary starch levels increased from 0% to 16.8% but increased as the level increased from 16.8% to 28%. Whole-body lipid and ash contents decreased significantly as dietary carbohydrate levels increased, whereas themoisture content showed the opposite trend (P < 0.05). Whole-body protein contents were not statistically different (P > 0.05) among all treatments. Carcass lipid content decreased but carcass protein content increased significantly as dietary carbohydrate levels increased (P < 0.05). Both moisture and ash contents of the carcass did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) among all treatments. Glycogen content in muscle and liver increased significantly as dietary carbohydrate levels increased (P < 0.05). Plasma glucose level increased and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations decreased significantly as dietary carbohydrate levels increased (P < 0.05). The intestinal amylase, alkaline phosphatase, and Na+, K+-ATPase activities all increased with dietary carbohydrate levels up to 11.2% (P < 0.05). However, lipase activity decreased significantly as dietary carbohydrate levels increased. There were no significant differences in intestinal protease activities among all treatments (P > 0.05). Hepatic hexokinase activity increased and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity decreased significantly as dietary carbohydrate levels increased (P < 0.05). Hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate kinase, and malate dehydrogenase activities did not differ among the treatments (P > 0.05). Expression of hepatic growth hormone (GH) gene was positively related to growth performance. In conclusion, results suggested that the optimum carbohydrate level for juvenile golden pompano could be 11.2-16.8% of the diet. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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