Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 391, Issue 1-2, Pages 251-256Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2009-3
Keywords
L-Cysteine; High glucose; Acetoacetate; ROS; Adhesion; CVD
Categories
Funding
- NIDDK
- ODS [RO1 DK072433]
- Malcolm Feist Chair in Diabetes
- Malcolm Feist Predoctoral Fellowship
- Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases and Imaging
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Type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients are hyperglycemic and also show elevated blood levels of ketone bodies, particularly acetoacetate (AA) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). T1D patients have a greater risk of developing endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Supplementation with cysteine-rich milk proteins has been shown to be beneficial in improving various biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and CVD. This study examines whether l-cysteine (LC) per se prevents monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, a critical step in endothelial dysfunction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and THP-1 monocytes were pretreated with and without LC (500 mu M) for 2 h and then exposed to ketones (AA or BHB, 0-4 mM) and/or high glucose (HG) (25 mM) for 24 h. This study shows that LC reduces HG and ketone-induced ROS production, ICAM-1 expression, and the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. This study provides a biochemical mechanism by which milk protein supplementation can be beneficial in preventing the excess endothelial dysfunction and CVD seen in diabetic patients.
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