4.3 Review

Synthesis of Organic Carbamates without Using Phosgene: Carbonylation of Amines with Carbonic Acid Diesters

Journal

MINI-REVIEWS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 168-183

Publisher

BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/157019309788922720

Keywords

Carbamates; organic carbonates; phosgene substitution; carbonylation; catalysis

Funding

  1. Universita di Bari (Fondi di Ateneo)
  2. MiUR [PRIN 2006031888 001]

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Aminolysis of organic carbonates is a suitable phosgene-free synthetic route to carbamate esters. The paper reviews recent advances in this field. Emphasis is laid on the reaction of amines with industrially relevant carbonic acid diesters, (MeO)(2)CO, (PhO)(2)CO, MeOC(O)OPh, currently obtainable without using phosgene. The carbonylation process may require a catalyst. The use of effective catalytic systems is highlighted and their mode of action is discussed.

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