Journal
MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
Volume 109, Issue 1, Pages 1-15Publisher
SPRINGER WIEN
DOI: 10.1007/s00710-014-0344-4
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB846004]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [40930742, 10979018, 41272056]
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The formation and dissolution of arsenic minerals commonly controls the mobility of As in sulfide mines. Here, we present the results of research based on X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman microprobe spectrum, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses, Scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analyses to further understand the weathering of orpiment- and realgar-bearing tailings from the Shimen realgar deposit, the largest realgar deposit in Asia. These analyses indicate that four different types of As-bearing secondary minerals are present in the tailings, including arsenic oxides, arsenates, As-gypsum, and As-Fe minerals, and that arsenic in the tailings is present in +3 and +5 valence states. The precipitation of arsenates is attributed to the interaction between As-enriched run-off waters and carbonate minerals. The Ca-arsenates in the tailings are dominantly weilite and pharmacolite, both of which have Ca/As atomic ratios of 1. In addition, SO4 (2-)/HAsO4 (2-) substitution in gypsum is another important mechanism of arsenic precipitation.
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