Journal
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
Volume 182, Issue -, Pages 102-108Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.08.015
Keywords
Highly concentrated emulsions; Carbonaceous foams; Micro/macro dual porous materials
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CTQ2008-06892-C03-01, CTQ2011-2348]
- Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) [2009TW0031]
- Taiwan National Science Council (NSC) [NSC 99-2923-M-011-001-MY3]
- CSIC [S132010-0148]
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A simple method to synthesize carbonaceous porous foams is described, forming simultaneously micropores and macropores, by polymerizing in the external phase of highly concentrated water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, and pyrolizing the resulting macroporous polymer foam. Highly concentrated W/O emulsions were prepared with 1,1-dichloroethene monomer in the external phase, which was polymerized at low temperature by a redox initiator. Monolithic low-density macroporous foams were obtained after polymerization and purification by soxhlet extraction. These foams were mainly macroporous, with low surface area (approximate to 28 m(2) g(-1)) and negligible microporosity and mesoporosity, as expected. The size (2-10 mu m) and morphology of the macropores were consistent with the droplet size (2-10 mu m) and shape(polyhedral) of the highly concentrated W/O emulsions. Pyrolization of the macroporous polymer foams allowed the formation of micropores while the macroporous texture was preserved, and consequently, dual micro/macroporous carbonaceous monoliths were obtained, with a large surface area (>800 m(2) g(-1)). These materials were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, N-2 sorption isotherms, infrared absorption spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The influence of pyrolysis temperature (300, 400 and 500 degrees C) was studied. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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