A phase-inversion process to prepare porous LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4 spinel for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries

A porous LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4 (P-LAMO) spinel was prepared by a phase-inversion process followed by calcined at 700 degrees C for 6 h in the air atmosphere. Its crystal structure was determined from X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, and the morphology was observed using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In the 1.0 mol l(-1) Li2SO4 aqueous electrolyte, it can deliver the capacities of 117, 113, 104 and 88 mAh g(-1) at the rates of 1, 5, 10 and 20 C at room temperature, respectively. Even charged at 60 C, it is still able to deliver a capacity of 113 mAh g(-1) at 1 C with a coulomb efficiency of 98%. The results suggest that the product could be a promising cathode material for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.