Journal
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
Volume 112, Issue 1-3, Pages 45-52Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.09.011
Keywords
dye sensitized solar cells; mesoporous materials; nanostructures; P105; titania
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A series of mesoporous TiO2 rough spheres of alterable surface morphologies and pore structures were produced by altering initial temperatures and structural directing agents, Pluronic P105 (EO37PO56EO37) or F68 (EO78PO30EO78) tri-block copolymers. The average pore size increased with increasing initial temperature and in direct proportion to the polymer chain length. Various formation mechanisms were investigated including nucleation, growth and conglomeration of the initial TiO2 particles. Tile morphologies of mesoporous TiO2 rough spheres were completely maintained after calcination at 450 degrees C for 30 min. For dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) applications, efficient light scattering was obtained with the double layer film composed of a transparent layer containing 20 nm particles and a scattering layer containing similar to 275 nm TiO2 spheres. The rough TiO2 spheres increase the overall conversion efficiency of DSSCs by 20.8% compared to TiO2 Smooth spheres, and reach 6.56%. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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