Journal
MICRON
Volume 43, Issue 8, Pages 851-862Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2012.03.010
Keywords
Atomic force microscopy; Antiphospholipid syndrome; Annexin A5; beta 2 glycoprotein I; Hydroxycholoroquine; Thrombosis; Placenta; Recurrent pregnancy losses
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health/The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (Bethesda, MD) [HL-61331]
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The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an enigmatic autoimmune disorder in which patients present with thrombosis and/or recurrent pregnancy losses together with laboratory evidence for the presence of autoantibodies in the blood that recognize proteins that bind to anionic phospholipids - the most important of which is beta(2)-glycoprotein I(beta(2)GPI). Earlier, we hypothesized that the clinical manifestations arise from antibody-induced disruption of a two-dimensional anticoagulant crystal shield, composed of annexin A5, present on placental trophoblast plasma membranes. Accordingly, we reasoned that a high resolution imaging technology, such as atomic force microscopy could be used to investigate such molecular interactions at high resolution in a non-fixed hydrated environment. This review will focus on the contribution of this technique to the elucidation of the mechanism of APS. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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