Journal
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 180, Issue 15-16, Pages 1479-1486Publisher
SPRINGER WIEN
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-013-1091-7
Keywords
Solidified floating organic drop microextraction; Electrothermal vaporization; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Rare earth element; Biological and environmental samples
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Funding
- Nature Science Foundation
- Education Department Foundation of Hubei Province in China
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We have developed a method for the determination of trace levels of the rare earth elements La, Eu, and Yb in biological and environmental samples. It is based on solidified floating organic drop microextraction using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) as a chelator, followed by electrothermal vaporization (ETV) and quantification by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. PAN also acts as a modifier in ETV. The effects of pH, amount of PAN, extraction time, stirring rate, volume of sample solution, and temperature program were examined. Under optimized conditions, the detection limits are 2.1, 0.65 and 0.91 pg mL(-1) for the elements La, Eu and Yb, respectively. The relative standard deviations are < 6.0 % (c = 0.1 ng mL(-1), n = 9). When applied to the analysis of (spiked) natural water samples, the recoveries range from 92 to 105 %. The accuracy was validated with certified reference materials (combined sample of branch and leaf of shrub: GBW 07603 and human hair: GBW 07601), and the results were in good agreement with the certified values.
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