Retention profile and subsequent chemical speciation of chromium (III) and (VI)) in industrial wastewater samples employing some onium cations loaded polyurethane foams

The retention of chromium (VI) from aqueous media onto tetraphenylarsonium chloride (TPAs+Cl-) or tetraphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP+Br-) immobilized polyurethane foams (PUFs) was fast and followed first order reaction. The kinetic data of the retention step were subjected to Weber-Morris, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobachar and Bt kinetic models. The results revealed that, film and intraparticle transport might be the two steps controlling the rate of chromium (VI) sorption from the aqueous acid solutions of pH similar to zero. The positive values of the A H of chromium (VI) retention by the reagents loaded PUFs were interpreted as an endothermic process. Under the optimium pH (pH similar to zero) of the aqueous solution, the proposed TPAs+CI- or TPP+Br- immobilized PUFs was successfully used in a series of medical syringe (30, 50 mL capacity) as pulse Columns for complete collection of chromium (VI) species present in fresh and industrial wastewater samples at ultra trace low level of chromium (VI) (<= 0.05 mu g mL(-1)). The collected chromium (VI) species onto TPAs+Cl- or TPP+Br--PUFs was then stripped quantitatively (98-102 +/- 2.6%) from the pulse columns with NaOH (2.0 mol L-1) and subsequently analyzed photometrically. The chromium (VI) ions could be pre concentrated up to 100-fold from large volume of water samples. The proposed pulse foam columns were applied successfully for complete collection, recovery (97.5 +/- 2.6%, n = 5) and subsequent chemical speciation of chromium (III) and (VI) in wastewater samples. The results are in good agreement with the reported and standard methods at 95% confidence. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.