Journal
MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 83, Issue 5, Pages 462-483Publisher
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S0026261714050142
Keywords
anaerobic bacteria and archaea; methanogenic microbial communities; methanogenesis; organic waste
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Funding
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [14-04-92696]
- FCP [14.607.21.0024, RFMEF160714X0024]
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Methane production via anaerobic degradation of organic-contaminated wastewater, semiliquid, or solid municipal waste of complex composition by methanogenic microbial communities is a multistage process involving at least four groups of microorganisms. These are hydrolytic bacteria (polysaccharolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic), fermentative bacteria, acetogenic bacteria (syntrophic, proton-reducing), and methanogenic archaea; complex trophic interactions exist between these groups. The review provides information concerning the diversity of the major microbial groups identified in the systems for wastewater and concentrated waste treatment, solid-phase anaerobic fermentation, and landfills for disposal of municipal solid waste, and also specifies the sources of isolation of the type strains. The research demonstrates that both new microorganisms and those previously isolated from natural habitats may be found in waste treatment systems. High microbial diversity in the systems for organic waste treatment provides for stable methanogenesis under fluctuating environmental conditions.
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