Journal
MICROBES AND INFECTION
Volume 13, Issue 12-13, Pages 1111-1120Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.06.014
Keywords
V. cholerae O1; ETEC; Antimicrobial peptide; mRNA expression
Categories
Funding
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Swedish Agency for Research and Economic Cooperation (SIDA-Sarec) [B-HN-01-AV]
- Swedish Science Research Council - Natural Sciences and Engineering Sciences
- Medical Faculty of Umea University
- Ihre's Fund
- Juhlin's Fund
- County of Vasterbotten
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Patients with acute watery diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were analyzed for innate immune factors produced by the epithelium during the disease process. Duodenal biopsies were obtained from study participants at the acute (day 2) and convalescent (day 21) stages of disease. Levels of alpha-defensin (HD-5 and -6), beta-defensin (hBD-1-4), and cathelicidin (LL-37) mRNAs were determined by real-time qRT-PCR. hBD-2, HD-5, LL-37 peptides were analyzed in duodenal epithelium by immunomorphometry. Concentration of hBD-2 in stool was determined by ELISA. Specimens from healthy controls were also analyzed. hBD-2 mRNA levels were significantly increased at acute stage of diarrhea; hBD-2 peptide was detected in fecal specimens but barely in duodenal epithelium at acute stage. Immunomorphometry analysis showed that Paneth cells contain significantly higher amounts of HD-5 pre/propeptide at convalescence (P < 0.01) and in healthy controls (P < 0.001) compared to acute stage, LL-37 peptide levels also decreased at acute stage while mRNA levels remained unchanged. mRNA expression levels of the other antimicrobial peptides remained unchanged with higher levels of alpha-defensins than beta-defensins. V cholerae induced an innate immune response at the acute stage of disease characterized by increased expression of hBD-2, and continued expression of hBD-1, HD-5-6, and LL-37. (C) 2011 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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