Journal
METABOLOMICS
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages 302-311Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11306-014-0694-2
Keywords
Tomato; Electrophile-responsive element (EpRE); Untargeted metabolomics; Flavonoids; Reporter gene assay; Multivariate analysis
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Funding
- Food and Nutrition Delta Grant [FND07007]
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics part of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative/Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre part of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative/Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
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The electrophile-responsive element (EpRE) is a transcriptional enhancer involved in cancer-chemoprotective gene expression effects of certain dietary compounds. In this study we measured the ability of extracts of glycosidase treated tomato fruits from 97 different accessions to induce EpRE-mediated luciferase expression using EpRE-LUX reporter cells and analyzed the same extracts using LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics profiling. We were able to pinpoint those tomato compounds that were most correlated with EpRE-mediated luciferase induction, by combining reporter gene assay data with the metabolic profiles of the same extracts. Flavonoids were the compounds showing the strongest positive correlation with EpRE-LUX activity. These results were validated using a transgenic tomato line accumulating high levels of flavonoids. Results obtained corroborated that flavonoids are an important determinant of the ability of tomato fruit extracts to induce EpRE-mediated beneficial health effects. Overall, these results indicate that combining untargeted metabolomics with reporter gene assays provides a powerful tool for nutritionists, plant breeders and food chemists towards identification of potential health-beneficial constituents of tomato fruits, as well as of other crops and products derived thereof.
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