Journal
MELANOMA RESEARCH
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 280-292Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0b013e3283390696
Keywords
continuous melanoma lines; human tumor lines; immunocytochemistry; melanoma; personalized vaccine; tumor-associated antigens
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Funding
- Hoag Hospital Foundation, Newport Beach, California
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Personalized vaccine, recognized after the failure of allogenic melanoma whole cell and lysate vaccine phase III trials, involves culturing cells from a patient's own tumor within a short duration and with less passages but with optimized expression of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Its feasibility is established by comparing pure cell lines generated from fresh and cryopreserved tissues (n = 164) of patients with lymph node (LN) and distant metastases. Stable cell lines (from 67% of specimens) are subcultured after cryopreserving them. Pure cell lines established after eliminating fibroblasts (from 96% of the cell lines) include those from LN (69%), soft tissues including cutaneous (60%), liver (64%), lung (75%), bone (80%), brain (75%), and other sites (73%). Within 3.5 months, stable cell lines (>= 50 million cells) are established from initiating the cell culture. For LN metastases, the duration differs significantly (P(2) < 0.05) between fresh (1.4-3.4 months) and cryopreserved (2.4-4.7 months) tissues. The expression of TAAs varies as follows: Tyrosinase (81%) > Melan-A (80%) > HMB45/gp-100 (75%) > Mel-5/TRP-1 (65%) > MAGE-1 (47%) > S-100 (28%). The number of TAAs per cell line differs between early (< 7) and late (> 7) passages. Among late passage cell lines, lesser percentage of cell lines express three to six antigens pointing out that early passage (< 7) cell lines may be needed for antigen-targeted immunotherapy. This study provides a protocol for establishing cell lines within 2-5 months for personalized vaccine therapy for nodal and organ metastatic melanoma patients. Melanoma Res 20: 280-292 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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