Journal
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
Volume 34, Issue 1, Pages 1-44Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/med.21272
Keywords
gemini surfactant; cationic amphiphiles; self-assembling; transfection; gene delivery
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Funding
- Temple University-Dean's Office
- Temple University-Provost's Office
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Gemini surfactants (GS) are presently receiving substantial attention due to their special self-assembling properties and unique interfacial activity. This comprehensive review is focused on positively charged heterocyclic GS, presenting their major synthetic access routes and examining the impact of structural elements on physicochemical and aggregation properties of this class of amphiphiles. Interaction of geminis surfactants with cells and their biological properties as novel transfection agents are emphasized through a detailed structure-activity relationship analysis. Throughout the review we have also presented the properties of selected ammonium GS, simple surfactants and lipid congeners, in order to emphasize the advantages conferred by using heterocyclic polar heads in GS design.
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