Journal
RNA BIOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue 6, Pages 597-602Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2015.1040974
Keywords
HITS-CLIP, High-throughput sequencing coupled with crosslinking and immunoprecipitation; 3 ' UTR, 3 '-untranslated region; KO, Knockout; KD, Knockdown; RBP, RNA binding protein; APA, Alternative polyadenylation; DM, Myotonic dystrophy; AS, Alternative splicing; pA, Polyadenylation site; alternative polyadenylation; neurological disease; myotonic dystrophy; PolyA-seq; MBNL; RNA processing; microsatellites
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Funding
- NIAMS NIH HHS [AR046799] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [P01 NS058901, NS058901] Funding Source: Medline
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Alternative pre-mRNA processing greatly increases the coding capacity of the human genome and regulatory factors involved in RNA processing play critical roles in tissue development and maintenance. Indeed, abnormal functions of RNA processing factors have been associated with a wide range of human diseases from cancer to neurodegenerative disorders. While many studies have emphasized the importance of alternative splicing (AS), recent high-throughput sequencing efforts have also allowed global surveys of alternative polyadenylation (APA). For the majority of pre-mRNAs, as well as some non-coding transcripts such as lncRNAs, APA selects different 3 '-ends and thus modulates the availability of regulatory sites recognized by trans-acting regulatory effectors, including miRs and RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Here, we compare the available technologies for assessing global polyadenylation patterns, summarize the roles of auxiliary factors on APA, and discuss the impact of differential polyA site (pA) selection in the determination of cell fate, transformation and disease.
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