Multiscale noise tuning stochastic resonance enhances weak signal detection in a circuitry system

Stochastic resonance (SR) has been proved to be an effective way to detect a weak signal submerged in heavy background noise. This paper addresses the improvement of the SR approach to enhance the effectiveness of weak signal detection through a circuitry system. There are mainly two contributions in this study. First, the multiscale noise tuning through a filter array is designed based on the property of 1/f process to enhance the performance of a classical SR circuitry system. Second, a practical weak signal detection approach is proposed by combining the multiscale noise tuning SR (MSTSR) circuitry with the traditional synchronous demodulation (SD) detector. The multiscale noise tuning greatly widens the noise intensity range suited for the SR effect in comparison with white noise tuning as exhibited by the experiment, and hence the MSTSR circuitry has better applicability. By taking advantage of both the MSTSR circuitry and the SD detector, the proposed combination could effectively detect a weak signal in extremely heavy noise with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) lower than -50 dB. The effectiveness of the proposed weak signal detection approach is confirmed by experimental results in output stability and SNR outperforming the SD detector.