Effect of cold pressed grape seed oil on rats' biochemical markers and inflammatory profile

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long term consumption of cold-pressed grape seed oil purchased in Brazil on the biochemical and inflammatory biomarkers of healthy rats. Methods Weaned and healthy Wistar rats received two concentrations (3 and 6 mL/kg body weight) of grape seed and soy oil for 65 days. The parameters studied were food intake and body, liver, brain, and retroperitoneal adipose tissue weight. The fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue was also determined. Serum biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory profile were assessed, quantifying the cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 10 and IL-6. Results Grape seed oil, regardless of dosage, promoted much fat accumulation on hepatic tissue and also increased serum lipid peroxidation. The highest dosage promoted the greatest incorporation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the retroperitoneal adipose tissue. The biochemical parameters and serum inflammatory markers did not change. Conclusion Grape seed oil did not promote significant metabolic changes at either concentration but increased serum lipid peroxidation.