Journal
MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING
Volume 57, Issue 9-10, Pages 2257-2266Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcm.2011.06.058
Keywords
Nonlinear constrained optimal control; Pontryagin Maximum Principle; Boundary value problem solvers; Hybrid electric vehicles; Equivalent consumption minimization algorithms
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To minimize the fuel consumption in hybrid electric vehicles, it is necessary to define a strategy for the management of the power flows within the vehicle. Under the assumption that the velocity to be developed by the vehicle is known a priori, this problem may be posed as a nonlinear optimal control problem with control and state constraints. We find the solution to this problem using the optimality conditions given by the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. This leads to boundary value problems that we solve using a software tool named PASVA4. On real time operation, the velocity to be developed by the vehicle is not known in advance. We show how the adjoint state obtained from the former problem may be used as a weighing factor, called equivalent consumption. This weighing factor may be used to design suboptimal real time algorithms for power management. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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