Journal
MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 134-143Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.08.009
Keywords
Hydroxyapatite; Bioglass; XANES; Phosphates; Silicates
Categories
Funding
- Materials Science and Engineering Department
- NSERC
- NRC
- CIHR
- University of Saskatchewan [8-1429]
- National Science Foundation [DMR-0537588]
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Bioglass (R) 45S5 was co-sintered with hydroxyapatite at 1200 degrees C. When small amounts (<5 wt.%) of Bioglass (R) 45S5 was added it behaved as a sintering aid and also enhanced the decomposition of hydroxyapatite to beta-tricalcium phosphate. However when 10 wt.% and 25 wt.% Bioglass (R) 45S5 was used it resulted in the formation of Ca-5(PO4)(2)SiO4 and Na3Ca6(PO4)(5) in an amorphous silicate matrix respectively. These chemistries show improved bioactivity compared to hydroxyapatite and are the subject of this study. The structure of several crystalline calcium and sodium phosphates and silicates as well as the co-sintered hydroxyapatite-Bioglass (R) 45S5 bioceramics were examined using XANES spectroscopy. The nature of the crystalline and amorphous phases were studied using silicon (Si) and phosphorus (P) K- and L-2.3-edge and calcium (Ca) K-edge XANES. Si L-2.3-edge spectra of sintered bioceramic compositions indicates that the primary silicates present in these compositions are sodium silicates in the amorphous state. From Si K-edge spectra, it is shown that the silicates are in a similar structural environment in all the sintered bioceramic compositions with 4-fold coordination. Using P L-2.3-edge it is clearly shown that there is no evidence of sodium phosphate present in the sintered bioceramic compositions. In the P K-edge spectra, the post-edge shoulder peak at around 2155 eV indicates that this shoulder to be more defined for calcium phosphate compounds with decreasing solubility and increasing thermodynamic stability. This shoulder peak is more noticeable in hydroxyapatite and beta-TCP indicating greater stability of the phosphate phase. The only spectra that does not show a noticeable peak is the composition with Na3Ca6(PO4)(5) in a silicate matrix indicating that it is more soluble compared to the other compositions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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