Journal
MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Volume 30, Issue 3, Pages 331-342Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.01.011
Keywords
Structural biological materials; Energy absorption; Bioinspired design
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research [DMR 0510138]
- Army Research Office [W911-08-1-0461]
- UC MEXUS-CONACYT
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS) at Mississippi State University
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Some of the most remarkable materials in terms of energy absorption and impact resistance are not found through human processing but in nature. Solutions to the continuing problems of improved composite technologies may lie in replicating naturally occurring systems. In this review, we examine several mammalian structural materials: bones (bovine femur and elk antler), teeth and tusks from various taxa, horns from the desert big horn sheep, and equine hooves. We establish the relationships between structural and mechanical properties for these materials, with an emphasis on energy absorption mechanisms. We also identify the energy absorbing strategies utilized in these materials. Implementation of these bioinspired design strategies can serve as a basis for the design of new energy absorbent synthetic composite materials. Synthetic constituent materials arranged according to the principles outlined in this work will achieve the same synergistic effects as nature and no longer be confined to the limitations imposed by a mixture law. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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