Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 60, Issue 10, Pages 1810-1814Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.05.026
Keywords
PCB; Flame retardants; PFOA; Long-range transport; Sorption into plastic; Ocean currents
Funding
- German Federal Environmental Agency [370965409]
- Hans Muhlenhoff Foundation
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Plastic litter accounts for 50-80% of waste items stranded on beaches, floating on the ocean surface and lodged in the seabed. Organic pollutants can be absorbed onto plastic particles from sea water, attached to their surfaces or included in the plastic matrix as additives. Such chemicals may be transported to remote regions by buoyant plastics and ocean currents. We have estimated mass fluxes of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to the Arctic via the main ocean currents and compared them to those in the dissolved state and in air. Substance fluxes with atmospheric or sea water currents account for several tons per year, whereas those mediated by plastics are four to six orders of magnitude smaller. However, the significance of various pollutant transport routes does not depend only on absolute mass fluxes but also on bioaccumulation in marine food chains. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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