Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 56, Issue 5, Pages 810-824Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.02.006
Keywords
sulfate reduction; sulfides; toxicity; macrofauna; biodiversity
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A nomogram is developed to show that pH, redox potentials (Eh(NHE)) and measures of dissolved sulfides (H2S + HS- + S2-)(total free S2-) can be used to classify organic enrichment impacts in marine sediments. The biogeochemical cycle of sulfur in marine sediments is described to show that changes in macrobenthic infauna community structure associated with high levels of organic matter supply result from stress due to oxygen deficiency (hypoxia and anoxia) and toxic effects of S2-. The changes reflect enhancement of microbial sulfate reduction under conditions of high organic matter sedimentation and the progressive formation of hypoxic-anoxic conditions measured by decreased EhNHE and increased concentrations of S2-. The nomogram provides a basis for classification of the oxic status of marine sediments based on changes in inter-related biological and biogeochemical variables along an organic enrichment gradient. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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