Journal
MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
Volume 30, Issue 1, Pages 221-241Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/mms.12045
Keywords
mtDNA; microsatellites; population genetic structure; conservation; management; Megaptera novaeangliae
Categories
Funding
- Australian National University
- Australian Marine Mammal Centre at the Australian Antarctic Division
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Humpback whales undertake long-distance seasonal migrations between low latitude winter breeding grounds and high latitude summer feeding grounds. We report the first in-depth population genetic study of the humpback whales that migrate to separate winter breeding grounds along the northwestern and northeastern coasts of Australia, but overlap on summer feeding grounds around Antarctica. Weak but significant differentiation between eastern and western Australia was detected across ten microsatellite loci (F-ST = 0.005, P = 0.001; D-EST = 0.031, P = 0.001, n = 364) and mitochondrial control region sequences (F-ST = 0.017 and phi(ST) = 0.069, P = 0.001, n = 364). Bayesian clustering analyses using microsatellite data could not resolve any population structure unless sampling location was provided as a prior. This study supports the emerging evidence that weak genetic differentiation is characteristic among neighboring Southern Hemisphere humpback whale breeding populations. This may be a consequence of relatively high gene flow facilitated by overlapping summer feeding areas in Antarctic waters.
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