Journal
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
Volume 460, Issue -, Pages 49-61Publisher
INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/meps09770
Keywords
Bacterioplankton; Nanoflagellates; Microbial loop; Trophic levels; Ciliates; Baltic Sea
Categories
Funding
- BONUS+ project BAZOOCA (Baltic Zooplankton Cascades) through the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning
- FORMAS
- FORMAS strategic research program Ecochange
- Research Council of Norway [190304/S40]
- [2008-1893]
- [2008-1882]
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Increasing biomasses of gelatinous zooplankton presumably have major implications for the structure and function of marine food webs at large; however, current data on lower trophic levels are scarce, as most studies have focused on the immediate effects on zooplankton and fish larvae only. We examined the short-term impact of larvae and adults of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi on a summer planktonic food web in the estuarine southern Baltic Sea, with special emphasis on the microbial loop. Grazing by M. leidyi reduced the mesozooplankton biomass, followed by increased dinoflagellate biomass in treatments with M. leidyi. While chlorophyll a increased most in the treatments with M. leidyi, small phytoplankton and ciliates decreased in all treatments. M. leidyi had a slight effect on bacterial abundance, but not on bacterial production, ectoenzymatic activities, or community composition. Undetectable levels of phosphate and a gradual accumulation of dissolved organic carbon during the experiment suggested a malfunctioning microbial loop scenario. The experiment shows that direct and indirect short-term effects of M. leidyi on the estuarine food web are limited to higher trophic levels and indicates that top-down and bottom-up consequences of M. leidyi expansions on the microbial loop will likely depend on local nutrient conditions.
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