Journal
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
Volume 421, Issue -, Pages 217-227Publisher
INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/meps08912
Keywords
Distribution modeling; Dolphins; Generalized linear model; Habitat selection; Patagonia
Categories
Funding
- Patagonian Coastal Zone Management (GEF/PNUD/FPN)
- Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica [PICT 01-4030 A, PICT 11679]
- Convention of Migratory Species (UNEP)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas of Argentina [PID 320/99]
- Fundacion BBVA [Biocon04]
- PNUD [ARG-02/018 (B-B27)]
- Cetacean Society International
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas of Argentina
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Several species of small cetaceans inhabit the coastal area of Patagonia (Argentina), but little is known about their distribution and the degree of overlap between them. The goal of the present study was to build habitat-selection models for small cetaceans in order to assess areas of particular importance for the different species. These models were constructed using physiographic and remotely sensed variables. From 1994 to 2007, 13 aerial surveys were conducted along the Patagonian coast (from Golfo San Mat as: 40 degrees 40'-42 degrees 14' S, 65 degrees 00'-63 degrees 47' W to Bahia de los Nodales: 48 degrees 00' S, 65 degrees 35' W). A grid of 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees cells was constructed for the study area. Each cell was characterized by environmental variables and by the encounter rate (ER) for each cetacean species. The ER of each species was investigated in relation to environmental variables using generalized linear models, and model averaging (multimodel inference) was used to obtain a predicted ER for the different species. The correlation between the ER of different species was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. The environmental variables that were found to be significant predictors of species distribution differed between species. The ERs of dusky dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus and Peale's dolphin L. australis showed a positive relationship. Commerson's dolphin Cephalorhynchus commersonii presented a more coastal distribution than the other species, and individuals were more often found feeding in estuarine zones. Knowledge of the patterns of distribution of small cetaceans along the Patagonian coast provides baseline knowledge of how these species interact with each other and their environment. Such information should be considered when managing potential areas of conflict between coastal small cetaceans and human activities.
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