Journal
MARINE DRUGS
Volume 11, Issue 9, Pages 3272-3287Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/md11093272
Keywords
Sargassum muticum; apo-9-fucoxanthinone; activator protein-1; pro-inflammatory cytokine; ERK1; 2; inflammation
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Korean Government (MEST) [NRF-C1ABA001-2011-0021037]
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Sargassum muticum (S. muticum) is a brown edible alga and widely distributed in Korea. This report was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of apo-9-fucoxanthinone (APO-9) isolated from S. muticum on pro-inflammatory cytokine production.S. muticum extract (SME) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and dendritic cells (BMDCs). APO-9 pre-treatment in the CpG DNA-stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs showed a strong dose-dependent inhibitory effect on interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- production with IC50 values ranging from 5.31 to 13.79. It exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and on activator protein (AP)-1 reporter activity. APO-9 pre-treatment exhibited significant inhibition of CpG DNA-induced production of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Taken together, these data suggest that SME and APO-9 have a significant anti-inflammatory property and warrant further studies concerning the potentials of SME and APO-9 for medicinal use.
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