Journal
MARINE DRUGS
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 2154-2167Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/md11062154
Keywords
cembrane; norcembrane; Sinularia flexibilis; Sinularia gaweli; X-ray; anti-inflammatory activity
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Funding
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium
- National Dong Hwa University
- Division of Marine Biotechnology, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-Sen University [00C-0302-05]
- Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan [DOH101-TD-C-111-002]
- National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 102-2325-B-291-001, 101-2325-B-291-001, 100-2325-B-291-001, 101-2320-B-291-001-MY3]
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A new norcembranoidal diterpene, 1-epi-sinulanorcembranolide A (1), and a new cembranoidal diterpene, flexibilin D (2), were isolated from the soft corals, Sinularia gaweli and Sinularia flexibilis, respectively. The structures of new metabolites 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, and compound 2 was found to significantly inhibit the accumulation of the pro-inflammatory iNOS and COX-2 proteins of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, S. flexibilis yielded a known cembrane, 5-dehydrosinulariolide (3); the structure, including its absolute stereochemistry, was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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