Comparison of functional connectivity in default mode and sensorimotor networks at 3 and 7T

The objective of this work was to assess functional connectivity measurements at ultra-high field (7T), given BOLD contrast to noise ratio increases with magnetic field strength but physiological noise also increases. Resting state BOLD data were acquired at 3 and 7T to assess connectivity in the sensorimotor network (SMN) and default mode network (DMN) at different spatial smoothing levels. At 3 and 7T positive correlation is observed between a right sensorimotor seed and left sensorimotor cortex. For the DMN, a seed in posterior cingulate cortex results in a high correlation in inferior parietal lobes and medial prefrontal cortex. We show higher temporal correlation coefficients for both the SMN and DMN at 7T compared to 3T for all smoothing levels. A spatial correlation between connectivity maps revealed no significant differences for the SMN, whilst the DMN showed increased spatial correlation dependent on SNR. The maximum physiological noise contribution was found to be higher at 7T, but noise in both seed and network nodes was not significantly increased, as shown by no significant difference in the spatial correlation of maps following physiological correction. 7T can improve spatial specificity of connectivity maps and facilitate measurement of connectivity in areas of lower intrinsic network correlation.