Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 73, Issue 5, Pages 1896-1903Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25324
Keywords
parallel transmit (pTx); local SAR; implant safety; global SAR; excitation fidelity; deep brain stimulation (DBS); electric field steering
Funding
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [R01EB006847, R01EB007942]
- Siemens-MIT CKI Alliance [P41EB015896]
- Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid-MIT M+Vision Consortium
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PurposeSpecific absorption rate (SAR) amplification around active implantable medical devices during diagnostic MRI procedures poses a potential risk for patient safety. In this study, we present a parallel transmit (pTx) strategy that can be used to safely scan patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) implants. MethodsWe performed electromagnetic simulations at 3T using a uniform phantom and a multitissue realistic head model with a generic DBS implant. Our strategy is based on using implant-friendly modes, which are defined as the modes of an array that reduce the local SAR around the DBS lead tip. These modes are used in a spokes pulse design algorithm in order to produce highly uniform magnitude least-squares flip angle excitations. ResultsLocal SAR (1 g) at the lead tip is reduced below 0.1 W/kg compared with 31.2 W/kg, which is obtained by a simple quadrature birdcage excitation without any sort of SAR mitigation. For the multitissue realistic head model, peak 10 g local SAR and global SAR are obtained as 4.52 W/kg and 0.48 W/kg, respectively. A uniform axial flip angle is also obtained (NRMSE <3%). ConclusionParallel transmit arrays can be used to generate implant-friendly modes and to reduce SAR around DBS implants while constraining peak local SAR and global SAR and maximizing flip angle homogeneity. Magn Reson Med 73:1896-1903, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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