Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 70, Issue 1, Pages 53-63Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24431
Keywords
three-dimensional flow measurements; phase contrast; velocity vector fields; k-t principal component analysis; sparsity transform
Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [SNF K-32K1_120531/1]
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Time-resolved three-dimensional flow measurements are limited by long acquisition times. Among the various acceleration techniques available, k-t methods have shown potential as they permit significant scan time reduction even with a single receive coil by exploiting spatiotemporal correlations. In this work, an extension of k-t principal component analysis is proposed utilizing signal differences between the velocity encodings of three-directional flow measurements to further compact the signal representation and hence improve reconstruction accuracy. The effect of sparsity transform in k-t principal component analysis is demonstrated using simulated and measured data of the carotid bifurcation. Deploying sparsity transform for 8-fold undersampled simulated data, velocity root-mean-square errors were found to decrease by 52 +/- 14%, 59 +/- 11%, and 16 +/- 32% in the common, external, and internal carotid artery, respectively. In vivo, errors were reduced by 15 +/- 17% in the common carotid artery with sparsity transform. Based on these findings, spatial resolution of three-dimensional flow measurements was increased to 0.8 mm isotropic resolution with prospective 8-fold undersampling and sparsity transform k-t principal component analysis reconstruction. Volumetric data were acquired in 6 min. Pathline visualization revealed details of helical flow patterns partially hidden at lower spatial resolution. Magn Reson Med, 2013. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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