Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 66, Issue 6, Pages 1759-1766Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22944
Keywords
MRI constrast agent; polymer coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles; hyrophilic coating; hydrogel; enhanced R-2 relaxation
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The effects of including a hydrophilic coating around the particles are studied across a wide range of particle sizes by performing Monte Carlo simulations of protons diffusing through a system of magnetic particles. A physically realistic methodology of implementing the coating by cross boundary jump scaling and transition probabilities at the coating surface is developed. Using this formulation, the coating has three distinct impacts on the relaxation rate: an enhancement at small particle sizes, a degradation at intermediate particle sizes, and no effect at large particles sizes. These varied effects are reconciled with the underlying dephasing mechanisms by using the concept of a full dephasing zone to present a physical picture of the dephasing process with and without the coating for all sizes. The enhancement at small particle sizes is studied systemically to demonstrate the existence of an optimal ratio of diffusion coefficients inside/outside the coating to achieve maximal increase in the relaxation rate. Magn Reson Med 66:1759-1766, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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