Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 62, Issue 2, Pages 520-526Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22034
Keywords
magnetic resonance imaging; magnetization transfer contrast; fat saturation pulse; Look-Locker EPI; T(1) measurement
Funding
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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In this study, it is demonstrated that fat saturation (FS) preparation (prep) pulses generate incidental magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) in multislice Look-Locker (LL) imaging. It is shown that frequency-selective FS prep pulses can invoke MTC through the exchange between free and motion-restricted protons. Simulation reveals that the fractional signal loss by these MTC effects is more severe for smaller flip angles (FAs), shorter repetition times (TRs), and greater number of slices (SN). These incidental MTC effects result in a signal attenuation at a steady state (up to 30%) and a T(1) measurement bias (up to 20%) when using inversion recovery (IR) LL echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences. Furthermore, it is shown that water-selective MRI using binomial pulses has the potential to minimize the signal attenuation and provide unbiased T(1) measurement without fat artifacts in MR images. Magn Reson Med 62:520-526, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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