Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 60, Issue 5, Pages 1047-1055Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21722
Keywords
glucose distribution; molecular imaging; CEST imaging using responsive agents; liver
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [U24 CA126608, CA-126608, R01 CA115531-03, CA-115531, R01 CA115531] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR-02584, P41 RR002584-216312, P41 RR002584] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB004582-02, EB-04285, R01 EB004582, R21 EB004285] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-058398, P01 DK058398-070006, P01 DK058398] Funding Source: Medline
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Noninvasive imaging of glucose in tissues could provide important insights about glucose gradients in tissue, the origins of gluconeogenesis, or perhaps differences in tissue glucose utilization in vivo. Direct spectral detection of glucose in vivo by H-1 NMR is complicated by interfering signals from other metabolites and the much larger water signal. One potential way to overcome these problems is to use an exogenous glucose sensor that reports glucose concentrations indirectly through the water signal by chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Such a method is demonstrated here in mouse liver perfused with a EU3+-based glucose sensor containing two phenylboronate moieties as the recognition site. Activation of the sensor by applying a frequency-selective presaturation pulse at 42 ppm resulted in a 17% decrease in water signal in livers perfused with 10 mM sensor and 10 mM glucose compared with livers with the same amount of sensor but without glucose. It was shown that livers perfused with 5 mM sensor but no glucose can detect glucose exported from hepatocytes after hormonal stimulation of glycogenolysis. CEST images of livers perfused in the magnet responded to changes in glucose concentrations demonstrating that the method has potential for imaging the tissue distribution of glucose in vivo. Magn Reson Med 60:1047-1055, 2008. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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