A FTIR and 2D-IR spectroscopic study on the microdynamics phase separation mechanism of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) aqueous solution

The thermal behavior of PNIPAM in its concentrated D2O solution (20 wt %) was studied by FFIR and 2D-IR correlation spectroscopy. The spectral data of the C-H groups and the Amide I region provide details about the changes of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts in the polymer respectively during a heating-cooling cycle: The reversal of peak positions of the C-H bands upon cooling indicates the reversibility of temperature-induced dehydration of the hydrophobic groups. The change in hydrogen bonding of C=O center dot center dot center dot D-N constructed between dehydrated C=O and N-D groups, as derived from the Amide I region, does not revert precisely in the cooling process due to the newly formed hydrogen bonds in the collapsed state, and a hysteresis phenomenon is observed. In our concentrated solution (20 wt %), the strength of those intra- and interchain hydrogen bonds even prevent the polymers from dissociating completely below the LCST during the cooling process. The microdynamics phase separation mechanism was obtained by application of the 2D-IR analysis to the spectral data. When the temperature rises, the two-step dehydration of the CH3 groups occurs first, then the main-chain diffusion and aggregation takes place, and finally the hydrogen bond transition occurs. The dynamic sequence in the cooling process is also described.