Journal
MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
Volume 213, Issue 10-11, Pages 1107-1131Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100606
Keywords
carbon; morphology; nanomaterials; porosity; self-assembly
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Funding
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China [NCET-08-0075]
- Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry
- Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20100041110017]
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In the past decades, carbon materials retain great development because of their indispensable applications in energy storage and conversion, adsorption, catalysis, and others. The evidence is that a number of new structured carbon materials have been synthesized from molecular level, bottom-up strategy. To date, it has been possible to synthesize carbon materials with defined nanostructure and morphology, tunable surface area, and pore size. In this review, we focus on discussing the recent development of chemically synthesized carbon materials with intriguing nanostructure and morphology. For convenience, these materials are grouped into four categories 0D quantum dots and spheres; 1D fibers, tubes, and wires; 2D films and membranes; and 3D monolithic structure. In each category, materials synthesis strategies are discussed, whereas their applications are briefly touched. In the last section, we made a brief summary and discussed the future perspectives of carbon materials. We expect that this review not only summarizes the main achievements in this area, but also creates interdisciplinary activities in between carbon chemistry and other research areas.
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