Journal
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 916-923Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/lpor.201400075
Keywords
Waveguide modulator; graphene metamaterial; graphene modulator; infrared modulation; terahertz modulation
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Funding
- Danish Council for Technical and Production Sciences [0602-02135B]
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This paper studies and classifies the electromagnetic regimes of multilayer graphene-dielectric artificial metamaterials in the terahertz/infrared range. The employment of such composites for waveguide-integrated modulators is analysed and three examples of novel tunable devices are presented. The first one is a modulator with excellent ON-state transmission and very high modulation depth: >38dB at 70meV graphene's electrochemical potential (Fermi energy) change. The second one is a modulator with extreme sensitivity towards graphene's Fermi energy - a minute 1meV variation of the latter leads to >13.2dB modulation depth. The third one is a tunable waveguide-based passband filter. The narrow-band cut-off conditions around the ON-state allow the latter to shift its central frequency by 1.25% per every meV graphene's Fermi energy change.
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