Journal
LANGMUIR
Volume 30, Issue 50, Pages 15206-15211Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/la5040849
Keywords
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Funding
- Fund of Scientific Research Flanders (FWO)
- KU Leuven [GOA 11/003]
- Belgian Federal Science Policy Office [IAP-7/05]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Science, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea [2013-026989]
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [340324]
- DFG [SPP 1459]
- ERC Grant on NANOGRAPH, Graphene Flagship [CNECT-ICT-604391]
- European Union Project UPGRADE
- European Union Project GENIUS
- European Union Project MoQuaS
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The engineering of two-dimensional crystals by physisorption-based molecular self-assembly at the liquid-solid interface is a powerful method to functionalize and nanostructure surfaces. The formation of high-symmetry networks from low-symmetry building blocks is a particularly important target. Alkylated isophthalic acid (ISA) derivatives are early test systems, and it was demonstrated that to produce a so-called porous hexagonal packing of plane group p6, i.e., a regular array of nanowells, either short alkyl chains or the introduction of bulky groups within the chains were mandatory. After all, the van der Waals interactions between adjacent alkyl chains or alkyl chains and the surface would dominate the ideal hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl groups, and therefore, a close-packed lamella structure (plane group p2) was uniquely observed. In this contribution, we show two versatile approaches to circumvent this problem, which are based on well-known principles: the concentration in control and the guest-induced transformation methods. The successful application of these methods makes ISA suitable building blocks to engineer a porous pattern, in which the distance between the pores can be tuned with nanometer precision.
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