Journal
LANGMUIR
Volume 29, Issue 16, Pages 4923-4927Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/la4006899
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Funding
- Education Trust Fund of Nigeria
- University of Hull
- SNSF [PZ00P2_142532/1]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PZ00P2_142532] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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In an alkane-water system containing submicrometer silica particles at high pH, double emulsion inversion from oil-in-water (o/w) to water-in-oil (w/o) to oil-in-water can be effected by increasing the concentration of a dichain cationic surfactant in water. The contact angle theta of the particles at the planar oil-water interface has been measured directly using freeze-fracture shadow-casting cryo-scanning electron microscopy, enabling single-particle measurements of high accuracy. theta passes through a maximum with respect to surfactant concentration. It is shown that particles undergo a hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic transition corresponding closely to the o/w-w/o-o/w transformation observed in emulsions. These results unequivocally link the single-particle contact angles to the type of particle-stabilized emulsion, confirming macroscopic emulsion inversion on the microscopic level.
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