An Attempt to Correct the Faulty Intuition Perpetuated by the Wenzel and Cassie Laws

We respond to a recent report in this journal that criticizes our experiments, which disproved the Wenzel and Cassie theories. The criticism is that we measured contact angles with drops that were too small, ignoring the indications of existing theoretical understanding. We take a step back to give an explanation of what we believe to be the reason that the existing theoretical understanding is wrong. We explain that the teaching of surface science has led generations of students and scientists to a misunderstanding of the wetting of solids by liquids. This continues as evidenced by this recent criticism and numerous recent papers. We describe several demonstrations that were designed to help teachers, students, and scientists overcome the widespread learning disability that is rooted in their faulty intuition and to help them regard wetting from the perspective of lines and not areas.