Journal
LANCET NEUROLOGY
Volume 10, Issue 8, Pages 734-744Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70143-0
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Teva Pharmaceutical
- Ipsen
- Xenoport
- Impax Laboratories
- Neurogen
- Synosia
- Neuroderm
- Merck
- Lilly/Medtronics
- Elan
- Addex
- Lurnbeck
- Merz Pharmaceuticals
- SynAgile
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Veterans Administration
- National Parkinson Foundation
- Michael J Fox Foundation
- RJG Foundation
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Teva
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Novartis
- European Federation of Neurological Societies
- Tijdschrift voor Neurolgie en Neurochiugie
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
- Prinses Beatrix Fonds
- Stichting Internationaal Parkinson Fonds
- van Alkemade-Keuls Foundation
- UCB
- Schwarz Pharma
- Lundbeck
- Eisai
- Intec Pharma
- Solvay
- Merz
- Biogen
- Israel Science Foundation
- Hong Kong Polytechnical University
- APDM Inc OHSU Hospital
- Movement Disorder Society, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R13NS67914-1]
- Movement Disorder Society
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Freezing of gait (FoG) is a unique and disabling clinical phenomenon characterised by brief episodes of inability to step or by extremely short steps that typically occur on initiating gait or on turning while walking. Patients with FoG, which is a feature of parldnsonian syndromes, show variability in gait metrics between FoG episodes and a substantial reduction in step length with frequent trembling of the legs during FoG episodes. Physiological, functional imaging, and clinical pathological studies point to disturbances in frontal cortical regions, the basal ganglia, and the midbrain locomotor region as the probable origins of FoG. Medications, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation techniques can alleviate symptoms of FoG in some patients, but these treatments lack efficacy in patients with advanced FoG. A better understanding of the phenomenon is needed to aid the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
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