Factors within the family environment such as parents' dietary habits and fruit and vegetable availability have the greatest influence on fruit and vegetable consumption by Polish children

Objective To identify determinants of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption among school-aged children. Design A survey study was conducted in October 2010. The questionnaire contained questions concerning social and demographic data, lifestyle and dietary habits, particularly the frequency of F&V consumption, availability of F&V and knowledge about recommended amounts of F&V intake. Setting Polish primary schools. Subjects Children (n 1255) aged 9 years from randomly selected primary schools and their parents. Results The children's consumption of fruit and of vegetables was influenced by the fruit consumption and vegetable consumption of their parents (r=0333 and r=0273, respectively; P=0001), parents encouraging their children to eat F&V (r=0259 and r=0271, respectively; P=0001), giving children F&V to take to school (r=0338 and r=0321, respectively; P=0001) and the availability of F&V at home (r=0200 and r=0296, respectively; P=0001). Parental education influenced only the frequency of fruit consumption (r=0074; P=001). A correlation between parents' knowledge of the recommended intakes and the frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption by children was noticed (r=0258 and r=0192, respectively, P=0001). Conclusions Factors within the family environment such as parents' dietary habits and F&V availability had the greatest influence on the F&V consumption by children. Educational activities aimed at parents are crucial to increase the consumption of F&V among children.