Parallel single-cell light-induced electroporation and dielectrophoretic manipulation

Electroporation is a common technique for the introduction of exogenous molecules across the, otherwise, impermeant cell membrane. Conventional techniques are limited by either low throughput or limited selectivity. Here we present a novel technique whereby we use patterned light to create virtual electrodes which can induce the parallel electroporation of single cells. This technique seamlessly integrates with optoelectronic tweezers to provide a single cell manipulation platform as well. We present evidence of parallel, single cell electroporation using this method through use of fluorescent dyes and dielectrophoretic responses. Additionally, through the use of integrated microfluidic channels, we show that cells remain viable following treatment in the device. Finally, we determine the optimal field dosage to inject propidium iodide into a HeLa cell and maintain cellular viability.