Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 87, Issue 1, Pages 327-334Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01864-12
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI0544483, AI084887]
- NIH training grant [5T32A100716334]
- Cancer Research Institute
- American Cancer Society
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [T32CA113275] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R01AI084887] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the major cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide but has no clear animal reservoir. HuNoV can persist after the resolution of symptoms, and this persistence may be essential for viral maintenance within the population. Many strains of the related murine norovirus (MNV) also persist, providing a tractable animal model for studying norovirus (NoV) persistence. We have used recombinant cDNA clones of representative persistent (CR6) and nonpersistent (CW3) strains to identify a domain within the nonstructural gene NS1/2 that is necessary and sufficient for persistence. Furthermore, we found that a single change of aspartic acid to glutamic acid in CW3 NS1/2 was sufficient for persistence. This same conservative change also caused increased growth of CW3 in the proximal colon, which we found to be a major tissue reservoir of MNV persistence, suggesting that NS1/2 determines viral tropism that is necessary for persistence. These findings represent the first identified function for NoV NS1/2 during infection and establish a novel model system for the study of enteric viral persistence.
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