Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 87, Issue 5, Pages 2475-2488Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00776-12
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Funding
- Department of Pathology
- NIH [HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04]
- Northeast Biodefense Center-Lipkin [AI157158]
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency
- Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica (SEIMC)
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Six novel insect-specific viruses, isolated from mosquitoes and phlebotomine sand flies collected in Brazil, Peru, the United States, Ivory Coast, Israel, and Indonesia, are described. Their genomes consist of single-stranded, positive-sense RNAs with poly(A) tails. By electron microscopy, the virions appear as spherical particles with diameters of similar to 45 to 55 nm. Based on their genome organization and phylogenetic relationship, the six viruses, designated Negev, Ngewotan, Piura, Loreto, Dezidougou, and Santana, appear to form a new taxon, tentatively designated Negevirus. Their closest but still distant relatives are citrus leposis virus C (CiLV-C) and viruses in the genus Cilevirus, which are mite-transmitted plant viruses. The negeviruses replicate rapidly and to high titer (up to 1010 PFU/ml) in mosquito cells, producing extensive cytopathic effect and plaques, but they do not appear to replicate in mammalian cells or mice. A discussion follows on their possible biological significance and effect on mosquito vector competence for arboviruses.
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