Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 85, Issue 19, Pages 10135-10143Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00816-11
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Funding
- German Ministry for Education and Research [BMBF 01 EO 0803]
- German Research Foundation [SFB620, TPA4]
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Susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in mice is genetically determined. While RSV causes little pathology in C57BL/6 mice, pulmonary inflammation and weight loss occur in BALB/c mice. Using major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-congenic mice, we observed that the H-2(d) allele can partially transfer disease susceptibility to C57BL/6 mice. This was not explained by altered viral elimination or differences in the magnitude of the overall virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. However, H-2(d) mice showed a more focused response, with 70% of virus-specific CTL representing V beta 8.2(+) CTL directed against the immunodominant epitope M2-1 82, while in H-2(b) mice only 20% of antiviral CTL were V beta 9(+) CTL specific for the immunodominant epitope M187. The immunodominant H-2(d)-restricted CTL lysed target cells less efficiently than the immunodominant H-2(b) CTL, probably contributing to prolonged CTL stimulation and cytokine-mediated immunopathology. Accordingly, reduction of dominance of the M2-1 82-specific CTL population by introduction of an M187 response in the F1 generation of a C57BL/6N x C57BL/6-H-2(d) mating (C57BL/6-H-2(dxb) mice) attenuated disease. Moreover, disease in H-2(d) mice was less pronounced after infection with an RSV mutant failing to activate M2-1 82-specific CTL or after depletion of V beta 8.2(+) cells. These data illustrate how the MHC-determined diversity and functional avidity of CTL responses contribute to disease susceptibility after viral infection.
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