Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 83, Issue 13, Pages 6798-6805Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00256-09
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Funding
- NIH [R01-AI067031, PO1-AI074415]
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [N01-C0-12400]
- Susan Ragon Foundation
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NK cells are critical in the early containment of viral infections. Epidemiological and functional studies have shown an important role of NK cells expressing specific killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) in the control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, but little is known about the mechanisms that determine the expansion of these antiviral NK cell populations during acute HIV-1 infection. Here we demonstrate that NK cells expressing the activating receptor KIR3DS1(+) and, to a lesser extent, the inhibitory receptor KIR3DL1(+) specifically expand in acute HIV-1 infection in the presence of HLA-B Bw480I, the putative HLA class I ligand for KIR3DL1/3DS1. These data demonstrate for the first time the HLA class I subtype-dependent expansion of specific KIR+ NK cells during an acute viral infection in humans.
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