Journal
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
Volume 18, Issue 10, Pages E603-E608Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01489.x
Keywords
CD4 cells; CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive cells; CD8 cells; cellular immune responses; ELISPOT assays; gamma-interferon; hepatitis E; T cells
Funding
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in several developing countries. Information on cellular immune responses during acute hepatitis E is limited. We therefore studied peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with acute hepatitis E and healthy adult subjects who lacked anti-HEV antibodies for enumeration of various T-cell subsets using flow cytometry and to assess HEV-specific T effector cell responses using interferon-gamma ELISPOT assays. The patients showed increased numbers of CD8(+) cells and CD4(+)CD8(+) cells compared with healthy controls. In addition, the proportion of PBMCs that produced interferon-gamma in response to recombinant HEV open reading frame (ORF) 2 and ORF 3 proteins were found to be higher in patients than in healthy controls. Using pools of 15-mer overlapping peptides corresponding to these recombinant proteins, the immunodominant regions in these proteins for interferon-gamma-producing cells were mapped to regions corresponding to amino acids 181-249 and 301-489 of HEV ORF2 protein. These data provide evidence for the activation of effector T cells during acute hepatitis E. These responses may play a role in viral clearance from the host in patients with HEV infection.
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