Journal
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 545-558Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/104063870802000503
Keywords
Epidemiologic survey; genotyping; molecular diagnostic test; Porcine circovirus-2
Categories
Funding
- National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Federation des producteurs de porcs du Quebec (FPPQ)
- Centre d'insemination porcine du Quebec Inc. (CIPQ)
- Conseil pour le developpement de l'agriculture du Quebec (CDAQ)
- Ministere de l'Agriculture, des Pecheries et de l'Alimentation du Quebec (MAPAQ)
- Institut National de Sante Animale (INSA)
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By the end of 2004, the Canadian swine population had experienced a severe increase in the incidence of Porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), a problem that was associated with the emergence of a new Porcine circovirus-2 genotype (PCV-2b), previously Unrecovered in North America. Thus, it became important to develop a diagnostic tool that could differentiate between the old and new circulating genotypes (PCV-2a and PCV-2b, respectively). Consequently, a Multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (mrtqPCR) assay that Could sensitively and specifically identify and differentiate PCV-2 genotypes was developed. A retrospective epidemiologic survey that used the mrtqPCR assay was performed to determine if cofactors Could affect the risk of PCVAD. From 121 PCV-2-positive cases gathered for this study, 4.13%, 92.56%, and 3.31% were positive for PCV-2a, PCV-2b, and both genotypes, respectively. In a data analysis using univariate logistic regressions, the PCVAD-compatible (PCVAD/c) score was significantly associated with the presence of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV viral load, PCV-2 viral load, and PCV-2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) results. Polytomous logistic regression analysis revealed that PCVAD/c score was affected by PCV-2 viral load (P = 0.0161) and IHC (P = 0.0128), but not by the PRRSV variables (P > 0.9), which suggests that mrtqPCR in tissue is a reliable alternative to IHC. Logistic regression analyses revealed that PCV-2 increased the odds ratio of isolating 2 major swine pathogens of the respiratory tract, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Streptococcus suis serotypes 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7, which are serotypes commonly associated with clinical diseases.
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