Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 112, Issue 47, Pages 14533-14538Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1515650112
Keywords
flexible electronics; organic electronics; biomedical devices; temperature sensor
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [2013155309]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI [30723481]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15K20961] Funding Source: KAKEN
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We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 mu m, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 degrees C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature.
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